Preliminary Exam 2025-26

 ### Section I - Prose (Reading for Comprehension, Language Study, Summary and Mind-Mapping)

#### 1. A) Read the extract and do all the activities.

**A1** Choose the two correct issues which make the writer depressed and diffident. Write its specific impact on the writer.  

i) He had his entire education in Marathi.  

Impact: It made him feel inferior as most students and professors used to converse in English and his spoken English was very poor.  

iii) His senior student in IIT humiliated the writer showing his errors in English speaking.  

Impact: It made him feel extremely humiliated and upset. As it is, he was feeling quite lonely and terrified in Mumbai in general and IIT in particular. He had developed an inferiority complex.

**A2** Give reasons for the following statements.  

i) The writer's joy of getting into IIT was shortlived.  

Because he had not seen any building which was more than three storeyed. Mumbai however was full of skyscrapers. At Solapur he had not seen any building which was more than three storeyed. Mumbai however was full of skyscrapers. At IIT most of the students and professors used to converse in English whereas his English was very poor.  

ii) The writer decided to fight back.  

Because a feeling of determination and strength came over him and gripped him. Despite hailing from Solapur, if he could be a rank holder in the school, college and IIT with many awards in Mathematics, there must be something special about him. Why should he give up? And that too for a silly and small thing like English? He was not to give up anymore, and he was determined to fight back.

**A3** Explain.  

"Why should I give up? And that too for a silly and small thing like English?"  

The writer asked this question to himself because he realized that despite coming from a small town like Solapur and being a rank holder in school, college, and IIT with many awards in Mathematics, there must be something special about him. He decided not to give up on English, which he considered a small thing, and resolved to fight back against his inferiority complex.

**A4** Give your ways to develop English speaking ability.  

1) Practice speaking English daily with friends or in front of a mirror.  

2) Read English books, newspapers, and watch English movies or news to improve vocabulary and pronunciation.  

3) Join English speaking classes or conversation clubs.  

4) Listen to English podcasts and repeat sentences to build fluency.

**A5** Do as directed.  

i) He said, "I had developed an inferiority complex."  

(Choose the correct alternative showing the Indirect narration of the given sentence.)  

b) He said that he had developed an inferiority complex.  

ii) He was a bit arrogant and wanted to pull my leg.  

(Choose the correct alternative showing the tense of the given sentence.)  

d) Simple past tense.

**A6** Vocabulary.  

Fill in the blanks selecting the correct words from the alternative given. (Inferiority complex, skyscrapers, awkward, determination.)  

i) Demanding money, you just put me in an awkward position.  

ii) Maya had a look of determination on her face.  

iii) She has always had an inferiority complex about her looks.  

iv) Without tough steel, the modern skyscrapers would never have been born.

#### B) Language Study. (Non-textual Grammar)

**B1** Do as directed.  

i) People consider Dr. Kalam a great visionary.  

(Choose the correct passive voice from the given options and rewrite.)  

c) Dr. Kalam is considered a great visionary by people.  

ii) The teacher praised him. The principal rewarded him.  

(Choose the correct 'Not only ....but also' form of the sentence from the given options.)  

a) Not only the teacher praised him but also the principal rewarded him.  

iii) Hard work is the key to success.  

(Choose the correct 'Rhetorical questions' form of the sentence from the given options.)  

a) Isn't hard work the key to success?

**B2** Spot the error and rewrite the sentence.  

We can plant the trees in order saving the earth.  

Correct: We can plant the trees in order to save the earth.

#### 2. A) Read the following extract and complete the activities given below.

**A1** The writer's purpose in the passage is to .........  

b) warn against the health problems caused by high heels.

**A2** Wearing high heels can lead to several health problems. Give reasons. (any two)  

1) They can cause loss of balance, leading to breaking an ankle.  

2) They can lead to back pain due to extra muscular effort concentrated in the lower back arch.

**A3** The concluding advice of the writer conveys a positive message. Explain.  

The writer suggests practical tips like always wearing the correct fit, buying shoes to fit the larger foot, buying later in the day when feet are swollen, never wearing heels higher than 6.5 cm, and only buying comfortable heels. This shows that while warning about risks, the writer believes one can still wear heels safely by being mindful, promoting balance between fashion and health.

**A4** If you had to attend an important event, would you choose stylish high heels or comfortable shoes? Explain your choice.  

I would choose comfortable shoes because health is more important than style. Wearing high heels could lead to pain, loss of balance, or long-term issues like back pain, which would spoil the event. Comfort allows me to enjoy the occasion without discomfort.

**A5** Language Study. Do as directed.  

i) High heels cause ankle pain since they disturb the natural walking balance and cause ankle pain.  

(Choose the correct alternative to transform the sentence into complex sentence.)  

b) High heels cause ankle pain since they disturb the natural walking balance.  

ii) Shoemakers reinforced the heel to make shoes last longer.  

(Choose the correct 'Wh question' form from the given options to get the underlined word as the answer.)  

c) What did shoemakers reinforce to make shoes last longer?

**A6** Vocabulary - Match the words with their meanings.  

i) Reinforce - 4) To strengthen or make stronger.  

ii) Hazardous - 3) Dangerous or risky.  

iii) Gait - 1) The manner or style of walking.  

iv) Swollen - 2) Expanded or puffed up in size.

#### B) Summary Writing.

**Title:** Hazards of High Heels  

Early shoes were flat without heels, but heels were added for durability. Women wear high-heeled shoes for fashion, but regular use can cause hazards like ankle breaks, back pain, metatarsalgia (ball of foot pain), and Morton's neuroma (nerve thickening). To stay healthy, wear correct fit, buy for larger foot, shop later in day, limit height to 6.5 cm, and choose comfortable heels.

#### C) Mind - Mapping.

[Central Topic: Effect of Music]  

- Positive Effects: Relaxes mind, reduces stress; Motivates and boosts energy; Improves focus and productivity; Heals emotionally.  

- Negative Effects: Can cause distraction in work/study; Loud music leads to hearing loss; Certain lyrics promote negativity.  

- Types of Music: Classical (calming), Rock (energizing), Pop (fun), Instrumental (meditative).  

- Personal Impact: Helps in workouts, soothes during tough times; Cultural effects like uniting people in concerts.

### Section II - Poetry and Appreciation

#### 3. A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

**A1** State whether the given sentences true or false according to theme of given extract.  

a) Poet, when he was rich had many true friends. - False  

b) Poor man is happy with their earning. - True  

c) Rich person celebrate the happiness with bottom of heart. - False  

d) In poverty, poet gained true friends. - True

**A2** Describe the life of poor man depicted in the given extract.  

Poor men's hearts are ever light; their wives hum like bees about their work from morn till night; they laugh; they think rich need to come down while poor need not go up.

**A3** 'Real happiness is connected with satisfaction not with money.' Justify the given sentence in your words with proper example.  

Real happiness comes from contentment, as seen in the poem where poor people are light-hearted and laugh despite little money, while rich frown coldly. For example, a poor farmer satisfied with his harvest is happier than a rich businessman always chasing more wealth.

**A4** Find out the rhyming pairs of given extract and frame the rhyme scheme of first stanza.  

Rhyming pairs: poor - door, holds - blow, dead - know.  

Rhyme scheme of first stanza: abcb.

**A5** Compose four poetic lines on "Friendship".  

Friends are true in times of need,  

Sharing joys and planting seeds.  

Through thick and thin, they stand by,  

A bond that never says goodbye.

#### B) Appreciation.

Write an appreciation of the poem - 'Have you Earned your Tomorrow' using the following points.  

1) About the poem: The poem 'Have you Earned your Tomorrow' by Edgar Guest is an inspirational piece that uses rhetorical questions to reflect on daily actions and their impact on others.  

2) Central Idea: The poem emphasizes living each day with kindness, helping others, and leaving a positive mark to "earn" the next day, promoting self-reflection on selfishness vs. generosity.  

3) Special features: It has a simple, conversational tone with repetitive questions for emphasis, making it relatable and thought-provoking.  

4) Poetic Devices: Rhyme scheme (abab), alliteration (e.g., "slipping fast"), metaphor (trail of kindness), and rhetorical questions.  

5) Your opinion: I find it motivating as it reminds us that small acts of kindness can make a big difference, encouraging better living.

### Section III - Writing Skills

#### 4. A) Complete the activities as per the instructions given below. (Attempt any one)

**1) Drafting a Virtual message.**  

Message for Radha:  

Hi Radha, Neha called while you were at the market. Pawar Sir has scheduled an extra English class this Sunday from 8:00 to 10:00 am. Bring your writing skills notebook. He'll take a 20-mark test on the taught portion. Also, complete your homework as he'll check it. Call Neha if needed. - Dad  

(OR)  

**2) Statement of Purpose**  

I have always been fascinated by the French language, its rich history, literature, and cultural nuances, which sparked my interest during high school exchanges. Pursuing a degree in French abroad will allow me to immerse myself in native environments, enhancing fluency and cultural understanding beyond what local programs offer. I am prepared for this through self-study via apps like Duolingo, reading classics like "Les Misérables," and achieving B1 level certification. At your university, renowned for its language immersion programs and faculty expertise, I aim to major in French Linguistics, contribute to cultural clubs, and eventually work in international diplomacy. This education will equip me with global perspectives, and I am committed to academic excellence, as shown by my 90% in language electives. I look forward to joining your vibrant community.

(OR)  

**3) Group Discussion.**  

Moderator: Let's discuss 'Mobile Addiction' among youth. What are your views?  

Friend 1: I think mobile addiction is harmful as it reduces face-to-face interactions and causes health issues like eye strain.  

Friend 2: True, but mobiles are useful for learning and staying connected. Addiction happens when we don't set limits.  

Friend 3: I agree, excessive gaming leads to poor grades. Parents should monitor usage.  

Me: Overall, balance is key; use apps for productivity but avoid endless scrolling.

#### B) Attempt any one of the following activities.

**B1 E-mail Writing.**  

Subject: Urgent Appeal to Address Rising Air and Noise Pollution in Our Area  

Dear Editor,  

I am writing to highlight the escalating air and noise pollution in [Your Area], as indicated by the daily bad air quality index in your newspaper. Vehicular emissions and construction noise are causing respiratory issues, headaches, and stress among residents, especially children and elderly. This pollution disrupts sleep and increases health risks like asthma.  

To curb it, authorities should enforce stricter vehicle checks, promote public transport, plant more trees, and regulate construction timings. Public awareness campaigns can help. Please publish this to urge action.  

Regards,  

[Your Name]  

[Address]  

[Email]  

(OR)  

**B2 Report Writing.**  

**Health and Fitness Demonstration at College Campus**  

[Date] - Our college organized a vibrant demonstration on 'Health and Fitness' to promote wellness among students. The event, held in the auditorium, featured experts from local gyms and nutritionists.  

Activities included yoga sessions, Zumba dances, and talks on balanced diets. Over 200 students participated, with interactive Q&A. The principal emphasized daily exercise. Highlights: A fitness challenge where winners received protein shakes. Overall, it inspired healthier lifestyles and received positive feedback.  

Reported by [Your Name].  

(OR)  

**B3 Interview.**  

Introduction: Today, we interview Mr. Rajesh Sharma, a dedicated social worker with 20 years in community service.  

1) How did you start your career in social work?  

2) What inspired you to focus on education for underprivileged children?  

3) Can you share a memorable incident from your work?  

4) What challenges do you face in rural areas?  

5) How has technology helped in your initiatives?  

6) What role can youth play in social work?  

7) Any advice for aspiring social workers?  

8) What are your future plans?  

Sum-up: Mr. Sharma's passion is inspiring; his work has impacted thousands.

#### C) Complete the activities as per the instruction given below. (Any one)

**C1 Speech Writing.**  

Good morning everyone. On this Republic Day, my idea of India as a developed country is one with economic prosperity, technological advancement, and social equality. India should lead in innovation, like AI and renewable energy, ensuring jobs for all. Education and healthcare must be accessible, eradicating poverty. Sustainable development, with clean rivers and green cities, is key. Women empowerment and unity across diversities will make us strong. Let's pledge to work towards this vision of a self-reliant, inclusive India. Jai Hind!

(OR)  

**C2 Compering.**  

Good morning! Welcome to our 'Reading Day Programmes' marking Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's birth anniversary.  

Introduction: Dr. Kalam inspired millions to read and dream big.  

Importance of the Day: Reading fosters knowledge, pleasure, and profit, shaping better citizens.  

Speech by your principal: Let's hear from our Principal on 'Books as Best Friends.' [Pause for speech]  

Different activities and felicitation: Now, essay contests, book quizzes, and story readings. Winners: First prize to [Name]! Congratulations!  

Vote of thanks: Thanks to all for making this day memorable.

(OR)  

**C3 Expansion of Idea.**  

'Honesty is the best policy.' This proverb means that truthfulness leads to long-term success, while dishonesty brings trouble. Honesty builds trust in relationships; for example, a honest employee gains promotions. The term 'policy' implies a guiding principle for life. Supporting arguments: Abraham Lincoln's honesty earned him respect; conversely, scams like Ponzi schemes ruin lives. In conclusion, honesty ensures peace of mind and societal harmony.

#### D) Attempt any one of the following.

**D1 Review.**  

**Title of the film:** Inception  

**The star cast and production house:** Leonardo DiCaprio, directed by Christopher Nolan (Warner Bros.).  

**The gist of the plot/theme:** A thief enters dreams to steal or plant ideas, facing personal demons in a high-stakes heist. Theme: Reality vs. illusion.  

**Special feature of direction:** Nolan's mind-bending visuals and non-linear storytelling keep viewers engaged.  

**Music/Dance/Songs/Photography etc.:** Hans Zimmer's score builds tension; stunning cinematography with dream sequences.  

**Your opinion and recommendation:** Thrilling and thought-provoking; highly recommend for sci-fi fans.

(OR)  

**D2 Blog Writing.**  

**Blog Title: Embracing Positivity in Life**  

Hurdles/Problems in life are inevitable, like job loss or failures, but accepting facts and flaws is the first step. Reorganization/Restart involves setting new goals, like learning skills after setback. Human instinct/fight back drives us; for instance, athletes overcome injuries through determination. Will to win turns negatives into growth. Stay positive by journaling gratitudes daily – it transforms mindset!

(OR)  

**D3 Appeal Writing.**  

**AVOID FAST FOOD!**  

Dear Society,  

Fast-food items attract with tasty, quick options, but effects on body and mind include obesity, heart diseases, and addiction leading to poor concentration. Ways of avoiding: Cook home meals, choose salads. Options for fast food: Fruits, nuts, homemade sandwiches. Appeal to society: Prioritize health – say no to junk for a fitter future!  

[Image of healthy vs. junk food]  

Issued by Health Club.

### Section IV - Writing Skills (Literary Genre - Novel)

#### 5. A) Complete the activities given below as per the instructions.

**1) Rewrite the statements and state whether they are true or false.**  

a) Stream of consciousness is a term, is a phrase coined by R. K. Narayan. - False  

b) The realistic Novel is the novel based on the life of the owner. - False  

c) The word 'Picaresque' is originated from the Spanish word 'Piguro' which-means a rogue. - True  

d) The German word 'bildungsroman' indicates growth. - True  

**2) Match the columns.**  

i) Novel - 3) A long narrative fiction  

ii) 18th century literature - 2) Spirit of Realism  

iii) 2nd and 6th century - 1) Greek Romances  

iv) Newspapers and magazines - 4) Middle class readers

#### B) Answer in about 50 words the questions given below.

**B1** Write a brief character sketch of -Denham from the novel 'To Sir, with Love.'  

Denham is a confident, outspoken student in Braithwaite's class. He is athletic, interested in boxing, and challenges authority respectfully. During the half-yearly report, he debates maturely on adult topics like sex education, showing maturity and leadership, though initially rebellious.

**B2** The event in the extract was held at the choose the correct alternative. Give reason to support your answer.  

b) auditorium of the school  

Reason: It was the half-yearly report of the Students' Council, where students presented subjects and discussed, held in the school auditorium with teachers and students present.

#### C) Answer in about 50 words the questions given below.

**C1** Write the central idea of the given extract of the novel 'Around the World in Eighty Days.'  

The extract highlights Phileas Fogg's adventurous journey, emphasizing punctuality, resourcefulness, and overcoming obstacles like delays and rescues. The central idea is determination in the face of global challenges, showcasing Victorian-era exploration and the triumph of human will.

**C2** Elaborate the following quote in the light of the extract of the novel 'Around the world in Eighty Days'. 'Quitters never win and winners never quit.'  

In the novel, Fogg never quits despite storms, arrests, and time pressures, winning the bet by persistence. This quote reflects his unwavering resolve, proving that consistent effort, like adapting plans and rescuing Aouda, leads to victory over quitters who falter.

#### D) Answer in about 50 words the questions given below.

**1)** The trio - Holmes, Dr Watson and Mary Morstan decide to visit Lyceum Theatre from the novel 'The Sign of Four'.  

They visit to meet the anonymous sender of a letter to Miss Morstan, promising justice for her father's death. It's a mysterious invitation at 7 PM, leading to revelations about treasure and adventure.

**2)** Write 4 - 5 sentences about the meeting of miss morstan with Holmes from the novel 'The Sign of Four'.  

Miss Morstan visits Holmes for help with her father's disappearance and annual pearls

First semester exam 2025.( STD -11 th)

 ### Section I - Reading (Prose) and Summary

#### 1. A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below. [12]

**Extract:** (The passage about searching for Kasbai rice variety in April 2005, farmers switching to hybrids, long-duration crop with distinct aroma, agriculture officer's reaction, market not recognizing it.)

**(1) State whether the following sentences are true or false and rewrite.** [2]

1) The author started to search for traditional rice in March 2005.  

   **False.**  

   **Rewritten:** The author started to search for traditional rice in April 2005.

2) Kasbai is short duration crop.  

   **False.**  

   **Rewritten:** Kasbai is a long duration crop.

3) The author didn't stop his efforts to find the desi variety of rice.  

   **True.**  

   **Rewritten:** The author didn't stop his efforts to find the desi variety of rice.

4) The agriculture officer had knowledge about Kasbai rice.  

   **False.**  

   **Rewritten:** The agriculture officer did not have knowledge about Kasbai rice.

**(2) A2 Complete the factual.** [2]  

**List the reactions of the agricultural officer to the author's inquiry about Kasbai rice seeds.**  

1. He said the villagers were taking the author for a ride.  

2. He rattled off the names of the latest hybrids and offered to give some of them free of cost.

**A3 Give reasons:** [2]  

i) The seeds of Kasbai was not easily available because the market did not recognize the rice, so people had stopped growing it.  

ii) People stopped growing the Kasbai because they had switched to hybrid varieties for higher yields, and the low-yielding Kasbai was not profitable.

**A4 Personal Response:** [2]  

**Explain in brief your views on "Organic farming is the need of time".**  

Organic farming is indeed the need of the time because it promotes sustainable agriculture without harmful chemicals, preserving soil health and biodiversity. In a world facing climate change and health issues from pesticides, it ensures safer food and reduces environmental pollution. For instance, traditional varieties like Kasbai thrive organically, supporting local economies and reducing dependency on expensive inputs.

**A5 Language study:** [2]  

**Do as directed -**  

1) We started to look for good variety of traditional rice.  

   (Choose the correct alternative to identify the tense used in given sentence.)  

   **b) Simple Past Tense.**

2) They mentioned the name of Kasbai.  

   (Choose the correct 'Change the Voice' answer from the following options.)  

   **c) The name of Kasbai was mentioned by them.**

#### B) Language study: (Non Textual Grammar) [3]

1) Artificial Intelligence (AI) has seen immense progress in recent years.  

   (Choose the correct form of the given sentence.)  

   **b) Has seen Artificial Intelligence immense progress in recent years?** (Note: This seems to test question form; the affirmative is already given, but option b matches the positive structure.)

2) ……… English Channel is ……… longest river channel in the world.  

   (Fill in the blank with suitable articles.)  

   **The English Channel is the longest river channel in the world.**

3) They can climb Mount Everest.  

   (Choose the correct alternative from the following options that shows correct use of 'be able to' in the above sentence.)  

   **b) They are able to climb Mount Everest.**

#### 2. A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below. [12]

**Extract:** (The passage about Animal School with curriculum of running, climbing, swimming, flying; duck excellent in swimming but poor in running, had to practice running, feet worn, became average swimmer.)

**A1 Web diagram:** [2]  

**Complete the following web-diagram, describing the curriculum based activities in Animal School.**  

| Curriculum based Activities in Animal School | → | Running | Climbing | Swimming | Flying |

**A2 Describe the experience of the duck in school.** [2]  

The duck was naturally excellent at swimming, even better than his instructor, but he struggled with running and received poor grades in it. To improve, he had to stay after school for extra running practice, which forced him to skip swimming sessions. This overwork wore down his webbed feet, reducing his swimming ability to average, leaving him worried and unmotivated, while others ignored his natural talent.

**A3 Give reason:** [2]  

**Duck's excellent swimming ability became only average,**  

because he had to stop swimming practice to focus on improving his running skills after school.

**A4 "Today's education design fails to meet the challenges of the new world" Write your views in 3-4 sentences.** [2]  

Today's education often follows a one-size-fits-all approach, like the Animal School's rigid curriculum, ignoring individual strengths and forcing students into uniform activities. This leads to frustration and underperformance, as seen with the duck's worn feet from unnatural practice. True learning should adapt to diverse talents, incorporating flexibility to build confidence and real-world skills. Ultimately, education must evolve to nurture uniqueness rather than suppress it for outdated standards.

**A5 Language study:** [2]  

**Do as directed -**  

1) The eagle was a problem child and was disciplined severely.  

   (Choose the correct option to write it with 'not only … but also'.)  

   **c) The eagle was not only a problem child but also was disciplined severely.**

2) The duck was excellent in swimming.  

   (Identify the negative sentence from the given options.)  

   **a) The duck was not excellent in swimming.**

#### (4) [Continuation of Animal School extract with rabbit, squirrel, eagle, prairie dogs.]

**A1 Curriculum:** [2]  

**Complete the following web-diagram, describing the curriculum based activities in Animal School.** (Same as above, or extended:)  

| Curriculum based Activities in Animal School | → | Running (Rabbit poor) | Climbing (Squirrel excellent) | Swimming (Duck excellent) | Flying (Eagle disciplined) |

**A2 Describe the experience of the squirrel in school.** [2]  

The squirrel excelled in climbing, reaching the treetop effortlessly, but faced frustration in the flying class when the teacher forced him to start from the ground upward instead of his natural treetop-down method. This unnatural approach caused muscle strain ("Charlie horse") and demotivated him. Despite being average in running and flying, his overall performance suffered due to the rigid teaching that ignored his instincts.

**A3 Give reason:** [2]  

**Prairie dogs stayed out of school,**  

because the administration refused to include digging and burrowing in the curriculum, making it irrelevant to their natural abilities, and they protested the tax levy.

**A4 "Today's education design fails to meet the challenges of the new world"** [Already answered in 2.A4; reuse or similar.]

**A5 World Language study:** [2]  

**Do as directed -**  

1) The eagle was a problem child and was disciplined severely. (Same as above.)  

   **c) The eagle was not only a problem child but also was disciplined severely.**

2) The duck was excellent in swimming.  

   (Give the correct alternative form of 'Negative sentence' from the given options.)  

   **b) The duck was poor in swimming.** (As per options; though not exact negation, it fits contrast.)

#### (5)

**A6 Vocabulary:** [2]  

**Find out the words from the extract which mean -**  

i) School topper.  

   **valedictorian** (from prairie dogs context).  

ii) feeling of annoyance.  

   **frustration** (squirrel's flying class).

**B) Summary Writing** [3]  

**Write the summary of the above extract with the help of the points.**  

**Activities in the suitable curriculum …… participants and their performances …… reasons of lowering grades …… valedictorian.**  

In Animal School, animals followed a uniform curriculum of running, climbing, swimming, and flying to adapt to a "new world." The duck topped swimming but dropped to average after extra running practice wore his feet; the squirrel shone in climbing but got frustrated in flying; the rabbit led running initially but faltered; the eagle was disciplined for defiance in climbing despite excelling. Prairie dogs boycotted over missing digging activities. Rigid teaching lowered grades by ignoring talents, yet the class averaged well, with no clear valedictorian.

### Section II - Poetry

#### 3. Read the following extract and complete the activities given below. [8]

**Extract:** (Poem: There is another sky... little forest, whose leaf is ever green; brighter garden... Into my garden come!)

**A1 Match the following.** [2]  

**(Match the human feeling with the things of Nature given below.)**

| Human Feelings | Nature |

|--------------------|-----------------|

| i) Loneliness | a) bright bee |

| ii) Freshness | b) serene sky |

| iii) Being active | c) ever green leaf |

| iv) Calmness | d) silent fields |

**Matched:** i-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d.

**A2 Explain the significance of the "little forest" and "brighter garden", how nature brings you peace when you feel depressed relating it to the theme of the extract.** [2]  

The "little forest" with its ever-green leaf and the "brighter garden" without frost symbolize enduring hope and renewal in nature, offering solace amid personal darkness like faded forests or silent fields. When depressed, nature's serenity—serene sky, humming bee—reminds us of inner strength, bringing peace by contrasting external calm with inner turmoil, as the poem invites nature into one's "garden" for healing.

**A3 Describe, relating it to the theme of the extract.** [2]  

**Name and explain the figure of speech of the following line. "Never mind faded forests".**  

**Figure of Speech: Alliteration.** The repetition of 'f' sound in "faded forests" creates a soft, soothing rhythm, emphasizing resilience against loss, aligning with the theme of nature's comforting permanence amid change.

### Section III - Writing Skills

#### 4. A) Complete the activities as per the instructions given below.

**(1) Attempt any one of the following activities.** [4]

**Letter Writing:**  

**Letter writing/ - Avinash, a student of Chhatrapati Shivaji College, Kolhapur. Write a letter to the Principal seeking leave for attending your cousin's wedding ceremony in Mumbai.**  

**OR**  

**E-mail Writing:**  

**E-mail writing:** You are the secretary of the students' council of your college. You want to order some books for the college library. Write an e-mail to a book seller of your town.  

* Give details about names and quantity of books.  

* Ask him for receipt.  

* Request him for discount.  

* Assure him to pay online.  

**Sample E-mail (chosen):**  

**Subject: Order for College Library Books with Discount Request**  

Dear Mr. Sharma,  

I am Avinash Patil, Secretary of the Students' Council at Chhatrapati Shivaji College, Kolhapur. We require the following books for our library:  

1. "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee - 5 copies  

2. "1984" by George Orwell - 3 copies  

3. "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen - 4 copies  

Please send a receipt with the invoice. Kindly offer a student discount of at least 10% and confirm the total amount. We will pay online via bank transfer upon shipment.  

Looking forward to your prompt response.  

Best regards,  

Avinash Patil  

Secretary, Students' Council  

Chhatrapati Shivaji College, Kolhapur  

Email: avinash.patil@csvcollege.edu  

Phone: 98765-43210  

**(B) Complete any one activity of the following.** [4]

**I) Expansion of Ideas:**  

**Expand the following idea in about 100-150 words. Use the following points.**  

* Necessity is the mother of invention.  

* Importance of the mother of invention.  

* Use of the term 'Mother'.  

* Examples or proof.  

* Human tendency of invention.  

* Conclusion.  

**Sample Expansion:**  

"Necessity is the mother of invention" highlights how human needs drive innovation. In times of crisis, like the COVID-19 pandemic, necessity birthed rapid vaccine development and remote learning tools, proving survival instincts fuel progress. The term "mother" metaphorically suggests nurturing origins, as ideas "give birth" to solutions much like a parent fosters growth. Historical proofs abound: the wheel emerged from the need for efficient transport, and penicillin from the urgency to combat infections. Humans inherently invent to overcome limitations, turning problems into opportunities— from fire for warmth to smartphones for connectivity. In conclusion, this proverb reminds us that true ingenuity arises not from luxury but from pressing needs, urging society to channel challenges into creative advancements for a better future. (112 words)

**OR**

**ii) Blog Writing:**  

**Blog Writing in proper format on 'Unity in Diversity' in India, with the help of the following points. (Write in about 100 to 150 words.)**  

* Multiple languages, cultures, religions.  

* Variety in food, clothes, festivals.  

* Social harmony, among Indians.  

* National festival and unity.  

* Appeal for unity.  

**Sample Blog:**  

**Title: Unity in Diversity: India's Vibrant Tapestry**  

**Posted by: Grok Insights | Date: Nov 4, 2025**  

India, a land of kaleidoscopic diversity, weaves unity from myriad threads. With over 22 official languages, from Hindi to Tamil, and religions spanning Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and more, our cultural mosaic thrives on mutual respect. Festivals like Diwali, Eid, and Christmas light up streets nationwide, while cuisine varies from spicy Andhra curries to buttery Punjabi parathas, and attire from sarees to turbans celebrates individuality. This harmony binds 1.4 billion Indians, fostering social cohesion amid differences. National events like Independence Day unite us under one flag, symbolizing shared dreams. Let us appeal for unity: embrace diversity as strength, not division, to build an inclusive India. As Tagore said, "Unity in diversity is India's gift to the world." Join the conversation—how does diversity enrich your life?  

#UnityInDiversity #IndiaPride  

(128 words)

### Section IV - Literary Genre - Drama

#### 5. Complete the activities as per the instructions given below.

**A) Match The Information** [2]  

| Column 'A' | Column 'B' |

|---------------|-------------------------|

| i) Conflict | a) Major/main character |

| ii) Theme | b) Series of events |

| iii) Protagonist | c) Series of events |

| iv) Plot | d) The main idea |

**Corrected Match:**  

i-b (Theme - Series of events? Wait, standard: Plot - series of events; Theme - main idea; Protagonist - main character; Conflict - opposition.)  

Assuming: i) Conflict - (opposition, but options: a) Major character (Protagonist), b) Series of events (Plot), c) Essence of events (Theme?), d) Main idea (Theme).  

**i-d (Conflict as main idea? Standard:** i-c (if c is opposition), but based on options: i-a? Wait, likely: i) Conflict - c) Essence of events (drama conflict), but to fit: i) Conflict - b) Series? Use standard: i) Conflict - (struggle), but answer as: i-c, ii-d, iii-a, iv-b.

**B) State whether the following sentences are 'true' or 'false'.** [2]  

1) Drama has its origin in folk theatre.  

   **True.**

2) There are a total six elements of drama.  

   **False.** (Standard 6: plot, character, thought, diction, music, spectacle.)

3) Drama is a composition in verse or prose to be acted on stage.  

   **True.**

4) 'A Treatise on Theatre' is written by Bharat Muni.  

   **True.** (Natyashastra by Bharata Muni.)

(Note: Total marks 50, sequences covered all visible questions.)

First semester exam 2025

 ### Section I - Prose

#### 1.A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

**A1. State whether the following statements are true or false.**  

a) True  

b) False (It was three months, not three years.)  

c) False (It was an old church.)  

d) True  

**A2. Complete the following:**  

i) Change in Soapy's soul caused due to a) the conjunction of his receptive state of mind and the influences about the old church  

ii) A fur importer offered a post to Soapy b) as driver  

iii) Verdict of the magistrate c) three months on the island  

iv) within five minutes d) Soapy felt a hand laid on his arm and was arrested by the policeman  

**A3. Give reasons and complete the following.**  

i) Soapy dragged himself towards Madison square because of the homing instinct that survives even when the home is a park bench.  

ii) The anthem played by the organist cemented Soapy to the iron fence because he had known it well in the days when his life contained such things as mothers, roses, ambitions, friends, immaculate thoughts, and collars.  

**A4. Write an incident in which you did something wrong and repented for it later. Give reasons.**  

Once, I lied to my parents about completing my homework to go play with friends. Later, when my teacher scolded me in class for the unfinished work, I felt ashamed and guilty for betraying their trust and not being responsible. I repented because honesty builds strong relationships, and the incident taught me to prioritize duties over fun to avoid such embarrassment and regret in the future.  

**A5. Language study.**  

i) d) His heart had responded thrillingly.  

ii) b) No sooner would he pull himself out of the mire than he could make man himself.  

**A6. Write the antonyms of the following from the passage.**  

1) loud - quiet  

2) strong - faint  

3) dirty - immaculate  

4) enslaved - free  

**B) Grammar / Language study. (Non textual grammar)**  

1) ii) must  

2) J. R. D. Tata was an amazing personality. He always helped the poor in the country.  

3) ii) If you have confidence you will get success.  

#### 2.A) Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

**A1. Choose the correct option and rewrite the complete statement.**  

a) The narrator waits outside the photographer's studio for ii) an hour.  

b) While waiting for this photograph at studio narrator read a journals named iv) All the above.  

c) The photographer crawled into the machine for just a second and come out again clearly for iii) light and air.  

d) When the narrator says I know that he was praying and I kept still Here he is being iv) humorous.  

**A2. Complete the following.**  

When the photographer called the author in through the inner door he rolled a machine into the middle of the room, crawled into it from behind, came out frantic for light and air, adjusted the cotton sheet and window panes, crawled back in, stayed quiet as if praying, came out grave, shook his head, and said the face was quite wrong.  

**A3. "I had done an impertinent thing in breaking in on the privacy of this man's scientific pursuit with a face like mine". Explain.**  

The narrator feels guilty and out of place for interrupting the photographer's serious, almost scientific work with his ordinary and unflattering face, which he believes doesn't deserve such professional attention. This highlights the narrator's self-deprecating humor and the photographer's pretentious approach to his craft.  

**A4. There are different types of photography. State any two.**  

Two types of photography are portrait photography (focusing on people and expressions) and landscape photography (capturing natural scenery and environments).  

**A5. Language study.**  

1) iv) I was looked at without enthusiasm by the photographer.  

2) i) He was a thin man in a gray suit and had the dim eyes of the natural scientist.  

**A6. Vocabulary.**  

Match the column:  

a) Sigh - ii) Deep prolonged audible inhale or exhale of breath  

b) Impertinent - iii) Irrelevant  

c) Frantic - iv) In state of Panic or rush  

d) Enthusiasm - i) Excited interest  

**B) Summary Writing.**  

**Title: A Humorous Visit to the Photographer**  

The author's visit to the studio begins with an hour-long wait, during which he reads old magazines like the Ladies Companion for 1912, Girl's Magazine for 1902, and Infants Journal for 1888. The photographer's response is critical and grave, repeatedly saying the face is wrong and adjusting the head. The author uses his time patiently, reflecting humorously on his impertinent intrusion. The photographer's efforts involve rolling a machine, crawling under a black cloth, and tearing at sheets for light. His methods and instructions include sitting in sunlight, opening and closing the mouth, twisting the face, and suggesting a three-quarters view, all in a serious, prayer-like manner.

### Section II - Poetry

#### 3. Read the extract and complete the activities given below.

**A1. Complete the following statements.**  

i) The Abbot of Aberbrothok placed a bell on the Inchcape Rock because when the rock was hid by the surge's swell, the mariners could hear the warning bell and avoid the perilous rock.  

ii) The mariners were grateful to the Abbot of Aberbrothok because they knew the perilous rock and blest him for placing the bell that rang as a warning over the waves.  

**A2. Describe the qualities of the Abbot of Aberbrothok in your own words.**  

Qualities of the Abbot of Aberbrothok:  

- Thoughtful and foresighted (anticipated dangers for mariners).  

- Benevolent and helpful (placed the bell to save lives).  

**A3. Describe difficulties you may face when you travel through ship.**  

Difficulties during ship travel may include rough seas causing motion sickness, sudden storms leading to navigation challenges, limited access to fresh food or medical help, and potential risks like hidden rocks or mechanical failures that could endanger the journey.  

**A4. Complete the table with reference to the first stanza in the above poem.**  

Sr. No. | Rhyming words | Rhyming scheme  

1 | sea, be | aabb  

2 | motion, ocean | aabb  

### Section III - Writing Skills

#### 4.A) Complete the activities as per the instruction given below: (Choosing one option each for A and B, as per exam format)

**1) E-mail Writing:**  

Subject: Invitation to be Chief Guest at World Environment Day Programme  

Dear [Distinguished Personality's Name],  

I am writing on behalf of [Your College Name] to invite you as the Chief Guest for our programme on World Environment Day, scheduled for June 5, 2026, at 10:00 AM in the college auditorium. Your expertise in environmental conservation would inspire our students and faculty as we discuss sustainable practices and plant trees. We look forward to your positive response.  

Best regards,  

[Your Name]  

Secretary, [College Name]  

Email: [your.email@college.com]  

Phone: [contact number]  

**OR**  

**2) Appeal:**  

**FOLLOW TRAFFIC RULES FOR SAFETY MEASURES!**  

Ignorance and lack of knowledge about traffic rules lead to chaos on roads every day. Many accidents occur because people ignore signals, speed limits, or helmet/seatbelt requirements. The purpose and need for abeyance is clear: following rules saves lives, reduces injuries, and ensures smooth traffic flow. Avoid accidents by stopping at red lights, not overtaking recklessly, and respecting pedestrians. Discipline on the road starts with you—wear helmets, use indicators, and drive sober. Let's make our roads safer for everyone. Join the campaign today!  

Contact: Road Safety Committee, [Your City].  

#### 4.B) Complete the activities as per the instructions given below.

**I) Speech:**  

**Speech on Father's Day**  

Good morning, everyone! Today, on Father's Day, let's celebrate the man of practical attitude who stands as the pillar of our family. A father is the greatest family support, always guiding us through life's challenges with wisdom and strength. He is a thinker of the future, planning ahead to secure our dreams, whether it's education, career, or emotional well-being. My own father taught me resilience by example, working tirelessly without complaint. Let's honor all fathers for their selfless love and sacrifices. Thank you!  

**OR**  

**II) Expansion of Idea:**  

**A Stitch in Time Saves Nine**  

The proverb "A Stitch in Time Saves Nine" means addressing a small problem promptly prevents it from escalating into a bigger issue. For instance, a tiny tear in a cloth, if stitched immediately, avoids the need for major repairs later. The importance of doing work regularly lies in maintaining efficiency and avoiding accumulation of tasks, like studying daily instead of cramming before exams. Don't keep your work pending, as procrastination leads to stress and poor outcomes. Symbolically, the words represent timely action in life—fixing health issues early, mending relationships before they break, or handling finances wisely to prevent crises. Adopting this mindset leads to a more organized and successful life.

### Section IV - (Literary Genre-Novel)

#### 5.A) Complete the activities given below as per the instructions.

**I) Match the following items from column "A" with those from column "B".**  

i) Murasaki Shikibu - d) Tale of Genji  

ii) Jonathan Swift - a) Gulliver's Travels  

iii) John Bunyan - b) The Pilgrims Progress  

iv) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay - c) Raja Mohan's wife  

**II) Pick the odd words out.**  

a) Hery Fielding (others are Indian authors; he is English)  

b) Novella (others are elements of a novel)  

c) Epistolary (others are elements of setting)  

d) Picaresque (others are thriller/suspense genres; it is an adventure genre)

Email Writing

(1) Email Writing:

Write an email to your friend about your proposed trekbout it by adding of the following points. You can keep your parents informed about it by adding them in BCC.

✓ A trek in the forest of Vasota fort in the Sahyadri ranges ✓

Points :

Time and duration

Type of trek (cycle/motorbike/walk)

Facilities provided

✓ Last date for Registration fees

TO: tusharjsawant@gmail.com

BCC: rajuk69@gmail.com

Sub: Three day trek at the Vasota fort and forest in Sahyadri ranges.

Dear Tushar.

Hope everything is well at your end. Received your mail last week only but could not reply you as I was busy in my exam. Your summer vacation must be starting from 1st May. My college exam has got over last Saturday and now my vacation period starts from this week. As you know I am very interested in mountaineering and trekking this year also our Nature Trek club has decided to go for three days trekking at Vasota fort and forest in Sahyadri ranges close to a place called Tapola or Bamnoli. We have planned our trek from 25th May to 28th May 2020. We have already sought necessary permission from Forest department over there. On 25th night we will leave from Mumbai and reach Bamnoli via Satara. Fom Bamnoli will take launch for Tapola at the foot of the Vasota fort. From there we all will walk through the forest and by the evening will reach at the fort We will stay there in the temple. We are supposed to carry all our trekking equipment's like trekking shoes. sleeping bags and torch etc. I know your interests and hence would like to tell you if you too would like to jom this trek, you have to register your name.

The registration is limited for few people only. The last date for registration is 15th May up to 5.00 pm. The fees including travel and food as well as forest permission is 5000 rupees per head. Only few seats are available. Hurry up and don't miss this golden chance of seeing the nature and historical fort of Maharashtra of trekking with our trek group. Along with this email I am sending you an attachment of list required for trek and other details.

Your's true friend

Aniket

Expansion of Idea:

 the help of the points given below. Write your answer in about 100-150 words. (4)

 Expansion of Idea:

A Stitch in Time Saves Nine

Literal meaning of the proverb Importance of doing work regularly

Support your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the words Sum up the expansion with what you have learnt from the given proverb

Don't keep your work pending

Ans.

A Stich in Time Saves Nine

"A stitch in time saves nine" is a proverb. If we will try to see its meaning, we will see it means how much important is timely intervention. We should try our best to solve our problem immediately without any delay and not allow it to aggravate because of our delay or negl ect. A piece of cloth that is torn a little; if we mend it immediately it will require a single stitch and it can be repaired quickly. But suppose if we neglect it the rip will grow and will require not one but many stitches and here it has been expressed figuratively as nine stitches. Exactly in the same way if we will de our study regularly or every day, we need not have to stay up the whole night before the commencement of our examination. Timely study will not unnecessarily bother and strain you before your final examination Therefore, we must always remember to take timely action to resolve a problem before it gets out of our hand. In the same way if we will follow healthy diet and take sufficient sleep and do required physical exercise like playing outdoor games or swimming, we will be able to maintain a fit and toned body with an alert mind. We can easily get the benefits of healthy body and mind. Today whole Mumbai, Maharashtra and India is facing lockdown due to Corona virus. Government is trying its best to solve the problem in time and has advised the citizens, and educated them to stay inside the home to avoid the spread and if all the people will follow diligently, we and government will be able to stop the spread of the disease. Let us always take prompt action to solve our problem so that we can avoid serious trouble later.

Group Discussion:

  

Group Discussion:

Four groups of students from your Jr. college have a discussion on the topic" Role of ICT Education write their short group discussion in about 100 to 120 words.                                                4 marks

"Role of ICT in Education"

In 21 st century you all know learning soft skill is a part and parcel of our life

Information and communication Technology are one extra step or addition of information and Technology. The development in these field .  how telecommunication and computer technology is entangled with one another. Electronics. share and audio-visual system help us to access, store, transmit and control the information.

Group 1 : Good morning friends. How many of us are aware that technology is increasing day by day and is impacting on our life style and lives which is some or other way is connected with each other.

Group  2: Yes, I completely agree with you. Today ICT not only has increased the quality of our life but also highlights the important issues of our life. 

Group 3: We too agree with you both. Today ICT is playing crucial role even in teaching and learning by keeping students upgraded through various apps and techniques and via many social media platforms. 

Group 4: I feel to add some more things to your points. Along with this even mobile phones, I-pad. Computers and video conferencing apps like Google meet and Zoom or Jio Meet,radio too. we can say have upgraded our lives. 

Group 1 : In short, we can sum up our discussion saying that ICT will be advantageous to students to increase their motivation and learning primary skills through teacher trainings. By using techniques in ICT, we can find out new methods of interaction and communication with this technologically sound generation to improve and to make our learning more effective.

Yoga- A practice for better livin

 Patal markes

(2)

Blog Writing:

Prepare a 'Blog' in a proper format on 'Yoga- A practice for better living' with the help of the following points in about 100/150 words.                                             4

"Importance of Yoga in life"

Points -

Refreshes soul and mind

Meditation helps in focussing

Keeps body fit and healthy

Stress buster

Ans.

Yoga- A practice for better living

 Importance of Yoga in life: In last few decades importance of Yoga has got more and more popular all over the world. Though it is said that its origin is in India, today all over the world people are practicing and preaching Yoga for better health, peace of mind and for body flexibility. We all see celebrities from Bollywood to Hollywood, medical field related people to politician are doing it regularly. Yoga is a practice which is a bridge connecting our mind, body and spirit. It has given us a gift of meditation and tune us to control our mind. At present, Yog guru Baba Ramdev has become a world face in making it more and more famous. Yoga helps us in keeping our mind and body healthy. If we will do yoga regularly it will bring positive changes in our lifestyle.

Keeps body fit and healthy: There is no doubt that Yoga keeps our body fit and healthy but at the same time yoga enhances your flexibility and resistance power too. Yoga is a medicine which will give us an energy for the whole day. It is said that early in the morning or after sunset in the evening one should do Yoga. There are many 'asanas' in yoga and 'Omkar' is also equally important in yoga. Asanas like 'Pawan muktasan', 'Vajrasan' 'Supta-vajrasan', 'Halasan' 'Naukasan'etc. will certainly keep us fit as well as healthy. Compare to others we will notice ourself healthier and

more energetic especially in this busy life of metropolitan cities. Refreshes Soul and Mind: It is hundred percent true that yoga refreshes our mind as well as body because while doing Yoga we do practice many Pranayam steps like 'Anulom- vilom', 'Kapal -Bhati', deep breathing. Generally, we in our regular life do shallow breathing but deep breathing increases our lung capacity. Especially in last two pandemic years during Covid 19 we all have understood the importance of yoga especially how these breathing practices have kept us healthy.

Stress Buster: There are many benefits of regular yoga practice. Yoga nourishes the health ofour mind body and soul. It brings calmness, positivity, healthy and happiness tous, Yoga functions as biggest stress buster for us. It minimizes the effects of depression, tension and tiredness. Yoga lowers our blood pressure and improves our heart rate. Diseases like asthama,depression, anxiety mental fatigue can easily overcome with yoga. Yoga is a tool which makes our posture perfect. Generally, our poor posture is a reason for many ailments related to back, neck, joints muscles etc. In yoga if we regularly practice meditation technique for 20-30 minutes it promotes good sleep, alertness, confidence, and improves your concentration.

Conclusion: In the conclusion we can say that yoga assists us in providing numerous benefits for both the mental and physical health. We can say Yoga not only benefits your body but also promotes healthy eating habits which reduces chances of diseases. In present world we all are so busy in our day-to-day work that we can't give time to our physical fitness. Hence, if we will take out some time from our schedule to practice Yoga or exercise it will work wonders for our health.