Expansion of ideas

 Books are Our Real Friends’

We have many friends around us. However, it is difficult to find true and faithful

friends. However, it is difficult to find true and faithful friends.

Henry Ford said that “Best friends are those who bring out the best in me.” To

bring out the best in ourselves, we must have knowledge. We get knowledge from

books. We never feel lonely in the company of books. We feel as if we are one among

the characters described in a story. We live in their world while we read the book.

Books, unlike human friends, can accompany you wherever you go. You can read

them when you travel or when you are waiting on the station. They do not mislead

you. They give a lot of information on a variety of subjects. They will never fight with

you or be jealous of you. The more friendly you are with books, the wiser you will

become. Hence, it is truly said that ‘Books are our real Friends.’

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10. ‘Practice makes perfect’

You cannot become a world-class musician unless you take up your instrument

and play on it daily for hours together. You cannot become a Tendulkar merely

through inborn skill. You have to go to the nets every day for hours of practice. Meritholders in board examinations do not achieve their marks by pure inspiration. They

have studied throughout the year and revised and re-revised and made themselves

perfect in whatever they have set out to study. It is only regular practice that makes

one perfect.

If you don’t practise your work regularly, you will, at the most, he average in

your performance. You will not win prizes or medals or awards. The most difficult

task can be performed by anyone if only they take the trouble to practise daily and

regularly. In fact, you can achieve almost anything with practice.

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Expansion of ideas

 . ‘Service to man is service to God’

Charles Eliot Norton, an educator and humanitarian, said, “They serve God

well who serve His creatures.” Benjamin Franklin, a great scientist said, “Serving God

is doing good to man.”

The noblest creation of God is man. Yet, there are millions who suffer lives

of utter misery and degradation. If we wish to worship God, the best way would be to

devote our lives to the service of the poor and the destitute. Everyone recognizes the

value of this kind of noble work and acknowledges its greatness. Politicians,

statesmen and military generals are often forgotten with the passing of time. But noble

souls like Gandhiji and Mother Teresa have earned universal reverence and live

forever in the hearts of people, only because they worked selflessly for the good of

others. Whenever Mother Teresa was asked. "Why do you do this work for lepers and

the poor? She would take the five fingers of the right hand of the person, and touching

each finger would say five words: “I-do-it-for-Him!”

We find that even many rich people do not lift a finger to help an orphan, a

widow or a poor deserving student. Don't they realize that God dwells in everyone?

Whatever they have earned has been from society, so it naturally follows that they

should give back to society what they have got from it. And the best way to do that

would be by sewing their fellowmen.

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8. ‘Rumours are spread by fools and accepted by greater

fools’

Rumours have no truth in them. They are generally the result of misunderstanding

or miscommunication. Foolish people pick up some words from here and there and

build a story around them. They spread the story which is not based on facts. They

spread the rumours thoughtlessly without thinking of consequences.

People who listen to rumours are greater fools. They accept what the foolish

people say without thinking. They do not even use their common sense to decide

whether a story could be true. They never stop to verify or find evidence. They never

make enquiries to cross-check the facts. On the contrary, they help to spread the

rumours further and sometimes add something on their own!

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Expansion of ideas

 Cleanliness is next to Godliness’

An unclean environment is an insult to the Creator. Everything that God has

created, beautiful, and Mother Nature has in her the power and means to maintain the

hygiene and sanitation of the earth. It is only man who makes the environment dirty.

For reasons, pest known to himself, Very often, man is happy to keep it that way. .

When we go to a place of religious worship, don’t we bathe first? Don't we put

on our best clothes? We must remember that this world is our temple and the first

norm we must follow is that of personal hygiene. This involves keeping one's body,

clothes, belongings and home clean. This prevents diseases and enhances the quality

of life. It also keeps the mind fresh and motivates us to work better.

Cleanliness must also extend towards the neighborhood and the environment in

general. For this, it is imperative that every person develops clean social and civic

habits. It is wrong to spit on the roads, urinate in public or throw litter anywhere one

pleases. Doing such things only spoil this wonderful place that has been gifted to us

by the Almighty -our planet Earth.

It is our moral duty to keep ourselves, our homes, our environment, our nation

and this earth clean. That is what is meant by the proverb ‘Cleanliness is next to

Godliness’.

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6. ‘As you sow, so shall you reap’

If a farmer desires to reap a harvest of wheat, he sows wheat; if he wants rice, he

sows rice. What should we think of him if he planted wheat and expected to harvest

rice; or the other way round? The law of nature tells us that we must 30w what we

wish to reap. If we sow nothing, we shall reap nothing. “

So it is with life. We have always to hear the consequences of our actions. lf’

we perform good deeds, we shall be rewarded with good. If we perform bad deeds, we

shall never enjoy peace of mind. Our lives will be wretched and miserable. We cannot

achieve fair ends by using foul means. Even if we do, it will be short-lived.

Man can decide his own future by his present deeds. If he sows the seeds of vice,

corruption and sin, he reaps the harvest of misery and ruin. If he plants virtue, purity

and goodness, he plucks the golden fruit of success and happiness. If we want to

achieve good we should do well, for as we sow, so shall we reap.

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Expansion of ideas

 3. ‘A friend in need is a friend indeed’

Once it was raining very heavily. It didn’t seem that it would stop. There was no

means of transport and I wondered how I would reach home. Then as if from

nowhere, a classmate happened by in a car. He asked me to get in and reached me to

my home. From that day onwards he became one of my best friends. Later on I was

able to help him out in mathematics, a subject in which he was very weak. Indeed, a

friend in need is a friend indeed!

I have found that many people talk about friendship, but when you .need them

during the time of crisis, somehow they are not to be seen anywhere. Those who stand

by you when you are really in trouble are your true friends. Isn’t that what friends are

for? To help each other in times of need?

Life is all about being there for others. Life is all about caring and sharing.

There are plenty of fair-weather friends. They desert you in your time of need. True

friends are steadfast. True friends are forever.

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4. ‘Cut your coat according to your cloth’

If you give a piece of cloth to a tailor to make a coat, the tailor will first

measure cloth and then decide what kind of coat has to be made out of it. He will not

be able to make a coat that requires more material than the cloth provided. The same

is the case with our income and expenditure. Our expenses should always be within

the limits of our income. Otherwise, we are sure to land in debt and difficulties. The

proverb thus tells us not to spend more than what we earn i.e., to live within our

means.

This proverb applies not only to individuals but also to business

establishments. Of course, a company may raise a loan to expand or diversify its

business. But it must do judiciously; otherwise it can even go bankrupt. Even the

government of a country has to keep in mind its total resources while spending. If it

does not do so and goes on borrowing recklessly from banks and foreign countries. It

could result in severe economic problems for the country.

Hence the saying is of great practical value. Applying it in life makes one

happy.

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Expansion of ideas

 ‘An apple a day keeps the doctor away’

What is special about the fruit, the apple? Why is it said that the apple keeps

the doctor away? Why is no other fruit mentioned in a proverb? The answers are very

simple. The apple has, perhaps, the most nutritional value amongst all fruits.

A medium-sized apple gives 85 calories and makes a good snack. It contains

absolutely no fat. It also helps reduce the risk of some cancers. Because it is low in

sodium content; madness the risk of high blood pressure and heart disease. The apple

has a substance that can reduce bad cholesterol and increase good cholesterol in our

body. It is rich in Vitamin A, which strengthens our vision. Apples also contain

Vitamin C that boosts the immune system in the body. Research shows that people

who eat five apples or more per week have fewer respiratory problems, including

asthma.

After eating any kind of food, eat an apple. An apple is a natural toothbrush. It

prevents tooth decay by killing 80% of the bacteria in the teeth. Thus, this proverb

reminds us of the role of diet in warding off diseases and how it saves us the trouble of

visiting the doctor.

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2. ‘Where there is a will there is a way’

If we read the biographies of great men and women like Albert Einstein,

Mother Teresa’ Edmund Hillary, Marie Curie and Abraham Lincoln, we will find that

it is their strong will which has helped them overcome great difficulties and setbacks

and helped them find a way to achieve their goals.

Every student thinks that securing a first class in an examination is beyond his

or her capacity. But if a student resolves firmly to achieve his or her goal and works

towards it sincerely and wholeheartedly, he or she is certain to achieve success.

There was a time when flying in the air, travelling in space and sending

messages and pictures instantly were all regarded as nights of fancy. But the persistent

efforts of some strong-willed people have turned all these dreams into reality.

Man’s will-power, determination and dedication are wonderful qualities. They

endow the doer with the will to achieve and the means to find out ways to achieve the

impossible. All we have to do is to set a goal, have a strong will and make persistent

efforts. If we come across an obstacle and can’t climb over it, we must walk around it.

There is always a way! There is always a solution!

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Film Review

 FILM REVIEW

Q--Write a film review of any film that you watched recently.

Ans- SAIRAT MOVIE REVIEW

1) Story/Plot- The Marathi languane film ‘Sairat’ is a love story of a higher caste girl, the

daughter of a powerful village politician, Archie(Rinku Rajguru), and Pershya(Akash Thosar),

a classmate of Archi and the son of a low-caste fisherman .They fall in love but caste and

social status become the big problem. Tatya(Suresh Vishwakarma) sees them meeting

during a birthday party in the backyard of home. They decide to run away to Hyderabad.

Parshya’s friends Langdya(Tanaji Galgunde) and Salya(Arbaz Shaikh) help them. Here they

live a struggleful life. A local woman Suman Akka(Chhaya Kadam) helps them. Archi

decides to go back home but love for Parshya brings her back. They marry and after many

years Archi phones her mother. Prince (Suraj Pawar),Archi’s brother, comes to Hyderabad

and ends their lives.

2)Characters/Cast--The producer and director Nagraj Manjule has introduced many new

faces with no acting background.Rinku and Akash are in leading roles. Suraj and Suresh

Vishwakarma are the villains. Other minor characters have played their parts very effectively

and they fit to make this film a mixture of comic and serious actions.

3)Music and Songs--Audience is forced to dance to the rhythm of the song ‘Zing zing zingat.’

‘Sairat zala ji’ and ‘Yad lagla’ are other melodious songs in the film.The music by Ajay-Atul

makes it an unforgettable film.

4)Weak and Strong Points--The only minor weak point to my view is the 170 minutes length

of the film.It could easily have been shorter by at least 20 minutes.Acting,music and the story

that hold the attention of the audience for 170 minutes are the strong points of the film.

5)Special Features--’Sairat’ is essentially two films or two types of narratives rolled into one.

The first is a love story with a number of playful moments, songs, love and romance. The

second narrative is realistic and heartbreaking. It's a reminder that all dreams must come to

an end and should stand the test of reality.

6)Overall Impact/My Opinion About the Film--’Sairat’ is not an easy film to make or to grasp.

While I recommend it, I would also warn the audience to pause and take a deep breath

before passing the judgement, one way or another.Action,music,drama,the realistic village

and metro city setting,dialogues and the rustic language make it a must watch film. I will give four stars to the film

 

2.3 There is Another Sky

(i) Life is an amalgam of happy and sad moments. Think of such moments in your life, pair with your classmate and share both the aspects of life. 

Happy Moments	Sad Moments
1. Winning the first prize in a competition	Losing your mobile, bicycle or wallet
2. Getting admission in the college of our choice	Not getting admission
3. Meeting old friends	Parting from friends

(ii) Discuss with your partner and find proverbs, idioms or phrases of similar meaning to the one given and fill them in the stars given below: 

(i) When we look at the sky, we find several objects. They stand for something or the other. Complete the following table by finding the significance of the given objects. One example is given to you. 

Sr. No.	Celstial Bodies	Association
1.	The Sun	Power, Heat, Energy, Commitment etc.
2.	The Moon	Beauty, Light , Calmness, Love etc
3.	The Rainbow	Unity, Beauty , Hope, etc
4.	The Stars	Light, Eternity, Guide, etc

(ii) Colours mentioned in the hexagons given below, are associated with something or the other. Discuss with your partner and fill in the blanks.

There is another sky,

Ever serene and fair,

And there is another sunshine,

Though it be darkness there;

Never mind faded forests, Austin,

Never mind silent fields—

Here is a little forest,

Whose leaf is ever green;

Here is a brighter garden,

Where not a frost has been;

In its unfading flowers

I hear the bright bee hum:

Prithee, my brother,

Into my garden come!

-Emily Dickinson

(A1) (i) Imagine your younger sister is not paying attention to her studies and is seen wasting time playing games on her cell-phone. Suggest some ways that will help her to concentrate on her studies and overcome her bad habit. 
Ans : Hey, Amruta, you are not paying attention to your study . It’s a bad habit to play games on cellphone. You should keep in mind that it makes one lazy for everything and busy for nothing. You should be crazy for books. Work hard to be Lord. 
(ii) You have noticed that many of your classmates are not interested in outdoor games or participating in co-curricular activities. Discuss some ways in which they will be encouraged to participate in activities. 
Ans: The College should organise outdoor games. Participation in at least two activities should be made compulsory. Winners should get reward and certificate. The certificate should have weightage in the exam.
(A2) (i) Discuss with your partner and complete the web, highlighting the sad and gloomy aspects of life mentioned in the first part of the poem. 

(ii) The poet encourages her brother in the second part of the poem by telling him about the brighter side of life. Discuss with your partner and make a list of the expressions in the poem that mean encouragement. 
(a) Brighter garden 
(b) unfading flower
(c) bright bee hum
(iii) The poet has described two different shades of human feelings by using imagery of various forces of Nature in the poem. Pick out the terms or phrases that describe them. Complete the table given below. One is done for you. 

Nature	Feelings
Faded forests	Sad/gloomy
Silent fields	loneliness
Bright bee hum	joy

(iv) The poem expresses feelings of serenity. Pick out expressions from the above poem that express the same. 

(v) Compare and contrast the two opposing human feelings as expressed by the poet. 
(A3) ‘Never mind faded forests, Austin’. The word ‘faded’ means to become dim or faint. The word describes the forests that have become faint or dim in appearance. Now go through the poem again and complete the table.

Describing Word	Object	Explanation
1. faded	forests	The forests have become faint or dim in appearance
2. silent	fields	The field has no trace of birds.
3. unfading	flower	The flower that mains on tree forever.
4. bright	bee	The bee is excited.

(A4) ‘I hear the bright bee hum.’ The poet has used the word ‘hum’ that indicates the sound made by the bee. This is an example of Onomatopoeia. The poet has used different figures of speech like alliteration, inversion and hyperbole in the poem. Identify them and pick out the lines accordingly. 
(a) Hyperbole – In its unfading flowers
(b) Alliteration – bright bee, faded forest
(c) Inversion – into my garden come
(A5) Imagine your friend is a table tennis champion who has won the semi-final in the inter-collegiate championship. Due to over confidence, she neither practices nor does she take her opponent seriously. This may result in her losing the final. Suggest some ways to make her aware of the importance of hard work and regular practice. 
(A6) (i) Use the following points and write an appreciation of the poem: 
• About the poem, poet and title 
• Theme 
• Poetic style, language, poetic devices used in the poem 
• Special features 
• Message/values/morals in the poem 
• Your opinion about the poem


(ii) Write a summary of the poem with the help of the points given below: 
• Title 
• Introductory paragraph (about the poem/ type/nature/tone) 
• Main body (central idea/gist of the poem) 
• Conclusion/ opinions/views/appeal 
(iii) Let’s compose a poem. Two lines are given. Add two of your own. 
There is another sky, 
Ever serene and fair
Get up and fly
Wait not , ride on mare